docs(knative): update to newer Go and Knative versions

[ishaanxgupta]

Description

This PR updates the Knative integration tutorial to use the latest versions and improves the documentation structure

• Update Go version from 1.21.5 to use dynamic [[ versions.go ]] template (currently 1.24.6)
• Update Knative version to use [[ versions.knative ]] template (currently 1.17.0)
• Restructure installation to prioritize pre-built binaries (Option 1)
• Simplify Go and ko installation instructions
• Add ko version verification step
• Improve clarity of pre-built vs source build options

Related issues

• Fixes Fix Knative tutorial #430

How was this tested?

• Verified template syntax matches mkdocs.yml configuration (j2_variable_start_string: "[[")
• Confirmed versions.go and versions.knative variables exist in docs/variables/versions.yml
• Checked consistency with other tutorials (e.g., Running-urunc-with-kind.md uses same template pattern)
• Validated pre-built S3 URL format matches original format (with -5220308.yaml suffix)
• Ensured source build option still uses nubificus/serving -b feat_urunc to preserve urunc patches
• Reviewed all changes for accuracy and completeness

LLM usage

GitHub Copilot assisted with code review.

Checklist

• I have read the contribution guide.
• The linter passes locally (make lint).
• The e2e tests of at least one tool pass locally (make test_ctr, make test_nerdctl, make test_docker, make test_crictl).
• If LLMs were used: I have read the llm policy.

collaborated with @hemang1404

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[ishaanxgupta]

@cmainas please have a look and let me know if any changes are required

[cmainas]

Hello @ishaanxgupta ,

please try to create a knative environment with your suggested changes and provide enough proof that this works.

[cmainas]

Duplicate with #433

[ishaanxgupta]

Hi @cmainas
Here are the validation results tested by me and @hemang1404

Test Environment

• OS: Ubuntu 22.04 (WSL2)
• Kubernetes: Kind v0.32.0

Results

• go version go1.24.6 linux/amd64
• Template [[ versions.go ]] correctly resolves to 1.24.6 from versions.yml
• Simplified installation using /latest/ works correctly
• Knative v1.17.0 Deployed
• Pre-built Knative v1.17.0 URL works correctly
• Template variable [[ versions.knative ]] resolves properly
• All Knative components deploy successfully

[cmainas]

Thank you @ishaanxgupta and @hemang1404 for testing this. I have a left comment for the structure of the tutorial. I have also verified that it works. A few more notes:

• We can add an instruction to get the ingress IP. Simply transforming the note that starts with Note: 10.244.9.220 is the IP of the kourier-internal svc. to an instruction before invoking the function
• I think we can remove the Wrapping upsection

[cmainas]

This looks good, but if users decide not to build Knative, then there is no reason to installl docker, go and ko. Therefore, it would be better to move this further up before installing anything and adjusting the text.

[cmainas]

Also, we will need to adjust the prerequisites, to keep them as a working K8s and urunc installation and move the "Basic git, curl, kubectl, and docker installed" to the option that builds knative from scratch.

[ishaanxgupta]

Okay