diff --git a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs
index cb907945d9bb2..bc6eca3799d7f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use rustc_hir::definitions::DefPathData;
 use rustc_hir::find_attr;
 use rustc_hir_pretty::id_to_string;
 use rustc_middle::dep_graph::WorkProductId;
-use rustc_middle::hir::map::compute_hir_hash;
+use rustc_middle::hir::map::{compute_global_asm_hash, compute_hir_hash};
 use rustc_middle::middle::dependency_format::Linkage;
 use rustc_middle::mir::interpret;
 use rustc_middle::query::Providers;
@@ -2581,13 +2581,27 @@ fn with_encode_metadata_header(
     if metadata_crate_hash {
         // Fold in inputs that are not part of the encoded metadata bytes, reduced to a single
         // fingerprint via the stable hasher and then mixed into the byte digest.
-        let hir_body_hash = compute_hir_hash(tcx);
+        //
+        // Proc-macro metadata is a stub that does not describe the macro implementation, so
+        // for proc-macro crates the whole HIR keeps contributing to the crate hash. For every
+        // other crate the encoded bytes stand in for the HIR — everything downstream
+        // compilation can observe is either in the bytes (including the source file hashes in
+        // the encoded source map) or in the tracked command line options — except `global_asm!`
+        // bodies, which reach codegen without leaving a trace in the bytes and are therefore
+        // hashed explicitly; see `compute_global_asm_hash`. This choice must depend only on the
+        // crate type: keying it on, say, `needs_hir_hash()` would make the hash differ between
+        // compilers built with and without debug assertions, or between incremental and
+        // non-incremental builds.
+        let hir_supplement = if tcx.crate_types().contains(&CrateType::ProcMacro) {
+            compute_hir_hash(tcx)
+        } else {
+            compute_global_asm_hash(tcx)
+        };
         let supplement: Fingerprint = tcx.with_stable_hashing_context(|mut hcx| {
             let mut hasher = StableHasher::new();
             // Add dep_tracking_hash to ensure the SVH changes when any tracked flag changes.
             tcx.sess.opts.dep_tracking_hash(true).stable_hash(&mut hcx, &mut hasher);
-            // Add HIR hash for untracked elements, e.g. DefKind::GlobalAsm.
-            hir_body_hash.stable_hash(&mut hcx, &mut hasher);
+            hir_supplement.stable_hash(&mut hcx, &mut hasher);
             hasher.finish()
         });
         metadata_hasher.lock().unwrap().write(&supplement.to_le_bytes());
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/map.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/map.rs
index c64dac7fc2392..b851089218876 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/map.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/map.rs
@@ -1282,6 +1282,44 @@ pub fn compute_hir_hash(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>) -> Fingerprint {
         .expect("HIR hash requested without any content")
 }
 
+/// Hashes the `global_asm!` items of the crate.
+///
+/// When the crate hash is computed from the encoded metadata, `global_asm!` bodies are the one
+/// HIR-only input to codegen that leaves no trace in the encoded bytes: every `should_encode_*`
+/// predicate is off for `DefKind::GlobalAsm`, so all that reaches the metadata is the def-kind
+/// discriminant, no matter what the template says. The template only becomes observable again
+/// when codegen reads it back out of the HIR (`MonoItem::GlobalAsm`). Hashing those owners
+/// explicitly keeps the crate hash changing with them, which matters when the template comes
+/// out of an untracked input such as a proc-macro reading the environment: nothing else — not
+/// the source file hashes in the encoded source map, not the tracked options — sees it.
+///
+/// The owners are re-hashed from their nodes rather than read from the stored per-owner
+/// hashes, because those are not computed in the configurations that take this path. The
+/// combine is in item order, so reordering `global_asm!` blocks (which reorders the emitted
+/// assembly) also changes the hash. Almost every crate has no such items and gets
+/// `Fingerprint::ZERO` for the cost of a walk over the free item ids.
+pub fn compute_global_asm_hash(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>) -> Fingerprint {
+    let mut hash = Fingerprint::ZERO;
+    for item_id in tcx.hir_crate_items(()).free_items() {
+        if tcx.def_kind(item_id.owner_id) != DefKind::GlobalAsm {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let info = tcx
+            .lower_to_hir(item_id.owner_id.def_id)
+            .as_owner()
+            .expect("global_asm item without an owner");
+        let hashes = tcx.hash_owner_nodes_ungated(
+            info.nodes.node(),
+            &info.nodes.bodies,
+            &info.attrs.map,
+            info.attrs.define_opaque,
+        );
+        hash = hash.combine(hashes.bodies_hash.unwrap());
+        hash = hash.combine(hashes.attrs_hash.unwrap());
+    }
+    hash
+}
+
 fn upstream_crates(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>) -> Vec<(StableCrateId, Svh)> {
     let mut upstream_crates: Vec<_> = tcx
         .crates(())
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/mod.rs
index 13bda2991fa92..8505a9dbf8871 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/mod.rs
@@ -181,6 +181,20 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
             return Hashes { bodies_hash: None, attrs_hash: None };
         }
 
+        self.hash_owner_nodes_ungated(node, bodies, attrs, define_opaque)
+    }
+
+    /// Like [`Self::hash_owner_nodes`], but hashes whether or not [`TyCtxt::needs_hir_hash`]
+    /// says per-owner hashes are being kept. Besides implementing `hash_owner_nodes`, this is
+    /// used at metadata-encoding time to hash `global_asm!` owners for the crate hash in
+    /// configurations where lowering did not store any hashes; see `compute_global_asm_hash`.
+    pub fn hash_owner_nodes_ungated(
+        self,
+        node: OwnerNode<'_>,
+        bodies: &SortedMap<ItemLocalId, &Body<'_>>,
+        attrs: &SortedMap<ItemLocalId, &[Attribute]>,
+        define_opaque: Option<&[(Span, LocalDefId)]>,
+    ) -> Hashes {
         self.with_stable_hashing_context(|mut hcx| {
             let mut stable_hasher = StableHasher::new();
             node.stable_hash(&mut hcx, &mut stable_hasher);
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
index cbf6e3c101344..a42e309c21f67 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
@@ -1140,7 +1140,12 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
         // - debug_assertions: for the "fingerprint the result" check in
         //   `rustc_query_impl::execution::execute_job`.
         // - incremental: for query lookups.
-        // - needs_metadata: it is included in the crate metadata through the crate_hash query
+        // - proc-macro crates emitting metadata: their metadata is a stub that does not
+        //   describe the macro implementation, so their crate hash keeps covering the HIR
+        //   (see the supplement in `with_encode_metadata_header`). For other crates emitting
+        //   metadata the crate hash is computed from the encoded bytes instead, and the HIR
+        //   hash is only needed when `-Zmetadata-crate-hash=no` opts back into the legacy
+        //   HIR-based scheme.
         // - instrument_coverage: for putting into coverage data (see
         //   `hash_mir_source`).
         // - metrics_dir: metrics use the strict version hash in the filenames
@@ -1149,7 +1154,9 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
         //   of the proof of concept impl for the metrics initiative project goal)
         cfg!(debug_assertions)
             || self.sess.opts.incremental.is_some()
-            || self.needs_metadata()
+            || (self.needs_metadata()
+                && (self.crate_types().contains(&CrateType::ProcMacro)
+                    || !self.sess.opts.unstable_opts.metadata_crate_hash))
             || self.sess.instrument_coverage()
             || self.sess.opts.unstable_opts.metrics_dir.is_some()
     }
@@ -1158,11 +1165,11 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
     /// `trait_map` and `children` on top of the node/attr hashes) needs to be computed during
     /// lowering.
     ///
-    /// This is a strict subset of [`Self::needs_hir_hash`]: notably it drops the plain
-    /// `needs_metadata` case. With metadata-based crate hashing (the default) the crate hash is
-    /// built from the encoded metadata plus each owner's cheaper `OwnerInfo::fingerprint` (just the
-    /// node and attr sub-hashes), so the combined hash is never read and computing it is wasted
-    /// work. It is still required for:
+    /// This is a strict subset of [`Self::needs_hir_hash`]: with metadata-based crate hashing
+    /// (the default), the only reader of per-owner hashes outside incremental and debug
+    /// assertions is the proc-macro supplement in the metadata encoder, and it folds each
+    /// owner's cheaper `OwnerInfo::fingerprint` (just the node and attr sub-hashes), so the
+    /// combined hash is never read and computing it is wasted work. It is still required for:
     /// - `-Z metadata-crate-hash=no`, where `crate_hash` falls back to hashing each `OwnerInfo`;
     /// - incremental, where the `lower_to_hir` result is fingerprinted for red/green tracking;
     /// - debug assertions, where every query result is fingerprinted to catch nondeterminism.