From 4e2500aa020ad876149932b8b082174f6be80e5c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Ralph=20K=C3=BCpper?= <ralph@skelpo.com>
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2026 19:15:27 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] fix(compile): treat require(<builtin>) as a stdlib
 requirement
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

ctx.native_module_imports, which drives needs_stdlib and therefore the
link mode, was populated only by the ESM import walk. A CommonJS
require("http") never landed in it, so the link came out runtime-only,
perry-stdlib's dispatch init never ran, JS_NATIVE_HTTP_DISPATCH stayed
null, and the createServer arm returned undefined. Not http-specific:
any stdlib-backed builtin reached via require behaved the same.

The lowered HIR cannot answer this — the CJS shim resolves the name
through a generated runtime switch containing every builtin — so the
requirement is recovered from the literal call sites via the existing
cjs_wrap::extract_require_specifiers. Programs that reference no
stdlib-backed builtin keep linking runtime-only.
---
 CLAUDE.md                                     |   2 +-
 Cargo.lock                                    | 152 +++++++++---------
 Cargo.toml                                    |   2 +-
 changelog.d/8548-require-stdlib-link.md       |  28 ++++
 .../src/commands/compile/cjs_wrap/mod.rs      |   6 +-
 .../src/commands/compile/collect_modules.rs   |  19 +++
 6 files changed, 129 insertions(+), 80 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 changelog.d/8548-require-stdlib-link.md

diff --git a/CLAUDE.md b/CLAUDE.md
index 836816ae11..4d80c7f41a 100644
--- a/CLAUDE.md
+++ b/CLAUDE.md
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This file provides guidance to Claude Code (claude.ai/code) when working with co
 
 Perry is a native TypeScript compiler written in Rust that compiles TypeScript source code directly to native executables. It uses SWC for TypeScript parsing and LLVM for code generation.
 
-**Current Version:** 0.5.1514
+**Current Version:** 0.5.1515
 
 
 ## TypeScript Parity Status
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 457cd7e4dc..66eccccb6d 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -5522,7 +5522,7 @@ checksum = "9b4f627cb1b25917193a259e49bdad08f671f8d9708acfd5fe0a8c1455d87220"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "base64 0.22.1",
@@ -5582,7 +5582,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-api-manifest"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-dispatch",
  "serde",
@@ -5590,7 +5590,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-audio-miniaudio"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
  "libc",
@@ -5599,7 +5599,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-codegen"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "inkwell",
@@ -5616,7 +5616,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-codegen-arkts"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "perry-hir",
@@ -5624,7 +5624,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-codegen-glance"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "perry-hir",
@@ -5632,7 +5632,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-codegen-js"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "perry-dispatch",
@@ -5641,7 +5641,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-codegen-swiftui"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "perry-hir",
@@ -5649,7 +5649,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-codegen-wasm"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "base64 0.22.1",
@@ -5661,7 +5661,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-codegen-wear-tiles"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "perry-hir",
@@ -5669,7 +5669,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-container-compose"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "async-trait",
@@ -5698,14 +5698,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-container-e2e"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-diagnostics"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
@@ -5713,7 +5713,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-dispatch"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-doc-fixture-my-bindings"
@@ -5724,7 +5724,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-doc-tests"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "clap",
@@ -5739,7 +5739,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-ads"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "block2",
  "objc2",
@@ -5749,7 +5749,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-argon2"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "argon2",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -5758,7 +5758,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-axios"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "reqwest",
@@ -5767,7 +5767,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-bcrypt"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "bcrypt",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -5775,7 +5775,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-better-sqlite3"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "rusqlite",
@@ -5783,7 +5783,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-cheerio"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "scraper",
@@ -5791,7 +5791,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-commander"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "perry-runtime",
@@ -5799,7 +5799,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-cron"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "chrono",
  "cron",
@@ -5809,7 +5809,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-dayjs"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "chrono",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -5817,7 +5817,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-decimal"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "rust_decimal",
@@ -5825,7 +5825,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-dotenv"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "serde_json",
@@ -5833,7 +5833,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-ethers"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "rand 0.10.1",
@@ -5841,7 +5841,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-events"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "perry-runtime",
@@ -5849,14 +5849,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-exponential-backoff"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-fastify"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "http-body-util",
@@ -5874,7 +5874,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-fetch"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "lazy_static",
@@ -5887,7 +5887,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-http"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "bytes",
@@ -5912,7 +5912,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-ioredis"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "lazy_static",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -5922,7 +5922,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-jsonwebtoken"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "jsonwebtoken",
@@ -5933,7 +5933,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-lru-cache"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "lru",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -5942,7 +5942,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-moment"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "chrono",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -5950,7 +5950,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-mongodb"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "bson",
  "futures-util",
@@ -5962,7 +5962,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-mysql2"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "chrono",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -5972,7 +5972,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-nanoid"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "nanoid",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -5981,7 +5981,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-net"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -5994,7 +5994,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-node-forge"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "const-oid 0.9.6",
  "der 0.7.10",
@@ -6013,7 +6013,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-nodemailer"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "lettre",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -6023,7 +6023,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-pdf"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "printpdf",
@@ -6031,7 +6031,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-pg"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "sqlx",
@@ -6040,7 +6040,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-ratelimit"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "governor",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -6048,7 +6048,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-sharp"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "fast_image_resize",
  "image",
@@ -6058,14 +6058,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-slugify"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-streams"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "lazy_static",
  "perry-ffi",
@@ -6074,7 +6074,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-undici"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "perry-runtime",
@@ -6083,7 +6083,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-uuid"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "uuid",
@@ -6091,7 +6091,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-validator"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ffi",
  "regex",
@@ -6101,7 +6101,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-ws"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "futures-util",
  "lazy_static",
@@ -6114,7 +6114,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ext-zlib"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "brotli",
  "flate2",
@@ -6124,7 +6124,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ffi"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "dashmap",
  "once_cell",
@@ -6133,7 +6133,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-hir"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "perry-api-manifest",
@@ -6151,7 +6151,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-parser"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "perry-diagnostics",
@@ -6163,7 +6163,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-runtime"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "base64 0.22.1",
@@ -6205,14 +6205,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-runtime-static"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-runtime",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-stdlib"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "aes 0.8.4",
  "aes 0.9.1",
@@ -6307,14 +6307,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-stdlib-static"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-stdlib",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-transform"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "perry-hir",
@@ -6323,14 +6323,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ui-model",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-android"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "itoa",
@@ -6348,7 +6348,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-geisterhand"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "rand 0.10.1",
  "serde",
@@ -6358,7 +6358,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-gtk4"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "cairo-rs 0.22.0",
@@ -6381,7 +6381,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-ios"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "block2",
@@ -6398,7 +6398,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-macos"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "block2",
@@ -6414,7 +6414,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-model"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-test"
@@ -6425,11 +6425,11 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-testkit"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-tvos"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "block2",
@@ -6446,7 +6446,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-visionos"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "block2",
@@ -6463,7 +6463,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-watchos"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "block2",
  "libc",
@@ -6477,7 +6477,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-windows"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "libc",
@@ -6496,14 +6496,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-ui-windows-winui"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "perry-ui-windows",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-updater"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "base64 0.22.1",
@@ -6519,7 +6519,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "perry-wasm-host"
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 dependencies = [
  "wasmi",
 ]
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index aa90f80873..b8d1071854 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ codegen-units = 16
 codegen-units = 16
 
 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.5.1514"
+version = "0.5.1515"
 edition = "2021"
 license = "MIT"
 repository = "https://github.com/PerryTS/perry"
diff --git a/changelog.d/8548-require-stdlib-link.md b/changelog.d/8548-require-stdlib-link.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..926c7d457d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/8548-require-stdlib-link.md
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+**`require('http')` linked runtime-only, so every stdlib-backed builtin reached that way returned `undefined` (#8547).**
+
+Same program, two import forms, opposite outcomes:
+
+```
+import * as http from 'node:http';   →  Linking (with stdlib)...   typeof createServer() === "object"
+const http = require('http');        →  Linking (runtime-only)...  typeof createServer() === undefined
+```
+
+**Cause.** `ctx.native_module_imports` — which drives `needs_stdlib` and therefore the link mode — was populated only by the ESM import walk in `collect_modules.rs`. A CommonJS `require("http")` never landed in it, so the link came out runtime-only, `perry-stdlib`'s `common/dispatch/init.rs` never ran, `JS_NATIVE_HTTP_DISPATCH` stayed null, and the `("http", "createServer")` arm in `native_module_dispatch/dispatch_d_i.rs` took its documented null branch and returned `undefined`. Nothing about this was http-specific: any stdlib-backed builtin reached through `require` behaved the same way.
+
+**Why the obvious fix does not work.** Recovering the requirement from the lowered HIR — the way `uses_dgram` does — fails, and it is worth writing down so nobody retries it. For `require('http')` the module name never becomes a `module:` marker; the CJS shim emits a *runtime* dispatcher that switches over builtin names as string literals, and that switch contains a case for **every** builtin regardless of what the program uses. A static scan of the HIR would match the table rather than the call and link the stdlib into every CJS program.
+
+The fix therefore reads the literal call sites, which is exactly what `cjs_wrap::extract_require_specifiers` already extracts for CJS wrapping: any `require("<literal>")` whose specifier satisfies `perry_hir::requires_stdlib` now feeds `needs_stdlib` / `native_module_imports` alongside the import walk.
+
+**Scope, verified by measurement** — the change can only add stdlib linking for a program that genuinely references a stdlib-backed builtin:
+
+| program | link mode | binary |
+|---|---|---|
+| `console.log(...)` only | runtime-only (unchanged) | 7.7 MB |
+| `require("path")` (runtime-only module) | runtime-only (unchanged) | 7.8 MB |
+| `require("http")` | with stdlib (was runtime-only) | 14 MB |
+
+Dynamic `require(someVar)` remains statically undetectable and is unchanged; the generated dispatcher can reach any builtin, so whether that case should force stdlib linking is a separate product decision, noted on #8547.
+
+`crates/perry/tests/issue_4903_listen_callback_deferred.rs` goes 0/2 → 2/2, which clears the last sweep-tier `cargo-test` failure on `main`.
+
+Closes #8547.
diff --git a/crates/perry/src/commands/compile/cjs_wrap/mod.rs b/crates/perry/src/commands/compile/cjs_wrap/mod.rs
index 76face80f3..184a342fdd 100644
--- a/crates/perry/src/commands/compile/cjs_wrap/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/perry/src/commands/compile/cjs_wrap/mod.rs
@@ -54,9 +54,11 @@ use extract_exports::{
     extract_object_literal_exports_from_require, extract_single_module_exports_assignment,
     module_reexport_specs,
 };
+// #8547: the stdlib-link decision needs the literal `require()` specifiers.
+pub(crate) use extract_requires::extract_require_specifiers;
 use extract_requires::{
-    extract_export_star_specs, extract_require_aliases_with_ranges, extract_require_specifiers,
-    function_local_specs, identifier_is_declared_binding, identifier_is_reassigned,
+    extract_export_star_specs, extract_require_aliases_with_ranges, function_local_specs,
+    identifier_is_declared_binding, identifier_is_reassigned,
 };
 use hoist_classes::{
     extract_top_level_class_decls, rewrite_module_exports_class_expression,
diff --git a/crates/perry/src/commands/compile/collect_modules.rs b/crates/perry/src/commands/compile/collect_modules.rs
index af32e694db..2b10ba7074 100644
--- a/crates/perry/src/commands/compile/collect_modules.rs
+++ b/crates/perry/src/commands/compile/collect_modules.rs
@@ -386,6 +386,25 @@ fn collect_module_one(
         &ctx.compile_packages,
         canonical.parent().unwrap_or_else(|| Path::new(".")),
     );
+
+    // #8547: a builtin reached through `require("http")` never appears in the
+    // ESM import walk below, so `needs_stdlib` stayed false, the link came out
+    // runtime-only, `perry-stdlib`'s dispatch init never ran, and every
+    // stdlib-backed export returned `undefined` (`http.createServer` was the
+    // reported case; the bug is not http-specific). The lowered body cannot
+    // answer this — the CJS shim resolves the name through a generated runtime
+    // switch that contains EVERY builtin — so recover it from the literal
+    // call sites, which is exactly what `extract_require_specifiers` already
+    // finds for CJS wrapping. Dynamic `require(someVar)` remains undetectable
+    // and is unchanged.
+    for spec in super::cjs_wrap::extract_require_specifiers(&source) {
+        if !perry_hir::requires_stdlib(&spec) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        ctx.needs_stdlib = true;
+        let normalized = spec.strip_prefix("node:").unwrap_or(&spec).to_string();
+        ctx.native_module_imports.insert(normalized);
+    }
     if was_cjs_wrapped && ctx.debug_symbols {
         if let Some(prefix_lines) = cjs_wrap_body_prefix_lines {
             let lines_after_transform = source.bytes().filter(|&b| b == b'\n').count();